Arthur Goring Thomas (20 November 1850 – 20 March 1892) was an English composer. Thomas was a younger brother of the cricketer Freeman Frederick Thomas and the civil servant Charles Inigo Thomas, During the 1870s, he received a musical education in Paris and at the Royal Academy of Music. He was commissioned to write the opera Esmeralda (1883), an adaptation of Victor Hugo's 1831 novel The Hunchback of Notre-Dame. By the early 1890s, this opera had received adaptations in the German and French languages. By the time of his death, Thomas had completed at least four other operas, including an opéra bouffe which was released posthumously.

In 1891, Thomas was engaged to be married. In March 1892, he took his own life by throwing himself in front of a train. His suicide was attributed to an unspecified "mental disease".